THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


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COPYRIGHTED  1906 

BY 

ALRAH  BRADEN  EDWARDS 


EDWARDS 

PRA(  TICAL 

SHORTHAJVD 

— FOR  - 

GENERAL  REPORTING 

BY- 
ALRAH  BRADEN  EDWARDS 

DALLAS,    TEXAS 


FIRST  EDITION 


PRESS  OF  FRED  L.  LAKE  &  CO. 
K  Dallas,  Texas 


Preface 


The  every  day  life  of  the  people  of  this  twentieth  century 
is  too  hurried  to  permit  a  prolonged  study  of  the  numerous 
principles,  rules  and  exceptions  so  characteristic  of  the  former 
Shorthand  systems.  A  realization  of  this  fact  has  prompted  us 
to  study  and  to  produce  a  system  which  we  are  pleased  to  term 
Practical. 

This  is  a  repoiting  system,  and  a  careful  study  of  it  will 
surely  impress  you  of  its  wonderful  simplicity  and  practability. 
liivery  principle  is  thoroughly  treated  just  as  it  is  given",  not 
with  an  aggregation  of  exercises,  however,  for  each  exercise  is 
particularly  adapted  to  impress  the  principle  to  which  it  applies. 

We  do  not  lay  claim  to  entire  originality  in  producing  this 
system,  but  we  have  i)rofited  by  the  experience  of  others,  and 
have  been  able  to  cut  out  much  of  the  material  so  objectionable 
in  other  systems. 

This  is  a  light  line  system,  no  shading  in  ali)habet  or  by  prin- 
ciple. 

A  system  of  connective  vowels  is  employed,  thus  giving  the 
greatest  possible  liberty  to  phrasing. 

The  pupil  is  not  required  to  memorize  an  extensive  list  of 
word  signs  in  this  the  word  written  according  to  principle  is 
often  shorter  than  the  word  sign  given  by  others. 

Great  care  has  been  taken  to  make  this  volume  self-instruc- 
tive. A  few  weeks  of  diligent  study  will  be  sufficient  to  prepare 
anyone  of  ordinary  ability  to  write  rapidly  and  to  read  their 
notes  readily. 

Carefully  examine  this  volume  and  you  will  be  impressed  that 
the  system  is  all  the  title  implies,  "Practical  Shorthand.'- 

THE  AUTHOR. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON  ONE 


09 


*J, 


»4 


ALPHABET. 

Practice  these  characters  until  you  are  thoroughly  familiar 
with  the  form  and  slant  of  each. 

B  and  V  are  alike  excei)t  that  B  is  struck  downward  and  Y 
upward;  B  slants  from  the  vertical,  Y  from  the  horrizontal.  The 
same  applies  to  H  and  T,  V  and  L. 

CONNECTIVE    VOWELS. 

A  K  I  O  U 

C       1/  ,       o       O 

CONSONANTS. 
(i  H       J        K  L         M  N  V 


\\     D     1-^ 


/ 

\ 

/ 

\ 

^ 

3 

R 

s 

/' 

\ 

*" 

V 

; 

V 


w 


X 


O 


C  and  Q  are  omitted  from  the  alphabet;   they  have  no  dis- 
tinct sounds  of  their  own. 


449582 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    II 

IMPORTANT. 

Practice  the  alphabet,  combinations  and  contractions  before 
beginning  each  succeeding  lesson.  Practice  is  truly  the  keynote 
to  success  in  shorthand.  Nowhere  does  jiractice  perfect  more 
than  in  the  "Winged  Art." 

In  your  study  of  the  system  let  me  impress  the  importance 
of  "Diligent  Practice." 

Strive  to  keep  in  mind  the  sense  of  the  matter  you  would 
write,  as  hand  and  mind  must  work  together. 

POSITION  OR   IMPLIED  VOWELS. 

E 


^ 


^^^-^^       -       -^a^ 


iLT 


^ 


-&^, 


Besides  the  connective  vowels  we  have  Position  or  Implied 
Vowels,  as  per  illustration  above. 

The  base  line  is  the  line  on  our  note  books.  When  we  strike 
a  character  through  this  line,  the  O  vowel  is  implied  to  follow, 
as  in  d-o,  g-o.  Strike  the  character  to  this  line  and  A  is  implied 
to  follow,  as  in  d-a,  g-a.  Strike  the  character  to  the  dotted 
line  above,  which  does  not  appear  on  our  note  books,  but  is  a 
space  above  the  base  line,  and  E  is  implied  to  follow,  as  in  d-e. 
g-e.  Strike  the  character  from  the  line  below  and  I  is  implied, 
as  in  d-i,  g-i.  Strike  the  character  a  space  below  the  line  and  U 
is  implied,  as  in  d-u,  g-u. 

These  vowels  represent  both  the  long  and  short  sounds,  also 
those  approximate. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Write  these  words  in  their  proper  position.  Represent  only 
the  principal  sounds.  Write  da,  not  day;  do,  not  dough:  du,  not 
dew,  etc.: 

Day-da,  me-me,  low-lo,  high-hi,  say-sa,  we- we,  hoe-ho,  sigh-si. 
lay-la,  he-he,  toe-to.  pie-pi,  way-wa,  knee-ne,  Joe-.To,  tie-ti,  few-fu, 
hue-hu. 


1-  .     ^  ^ 


■J 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    III 


PUNCTUATION. 

The  check  mark  (  V  )  commonly  used  by  accpuntants  is  used 
for  a  period. 

The  question  mark  (interrogation  point)  is  represented  by 
the  oblique  cross   (X). 

The  marks  of  parenthesis  are  the  same  as  in  longhand,  with 
a  dash  struck  through  them,  thus:  -(-     -)- 

The  paragraph  is  denoted  as  in  longhand,  and  all  the  other 
marks  of  punctuation,  when  necessary,  are  the  same  as  in  long- 
hand, but  are  rarely  used. 

Proper  names,  particularly  those  of  towns  and  individuals, 
are  underscored  with  two  short  parallel  lines:    (=). 

CONTRACTIONS. 

It  is  computed  that  in  our  language  we  have  something  like 
one  hundred  simple  words  of  so  frequent  occurrence  as  to  make 
up  more  than  one-half  of  our  ordinary  speech.  For  a  number  of 
these  words  we  have  adopted  a  contracted  form,  or  word  sign, 
which  generally  represents  the  initial  or  principal  sound  of  the 
word.  These  contractions  are  divided  into  groups  and  will  be 
given  as  is  convenient  for  memorizing. 

WORD  EXERCISE. 

Bay-ba,  dough-do,  see-se,  be-be,  go-go,  ray-ra.  my-nii,  dye-di, 
pay-pa,  rye-ri,  lue-lu,  fay-fa,  key-ke,  sow-so,  bow-bo.  view-vu. 
gay-ga,  Jew-.Tu. 


SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 
A  dot  is  used  for  A. 

1.     Se  mi  nu  ti.     2.  He  ma  bi  a  ke.     3.  We  mo  ha.     4.  U  ma 
se  mi  bo. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    IV 


PHRASING. 

There  is  nothing  which  lends  so  much  to  speed  in  short- 
hand as  the  writing  together  of  simple  words,  which  is  termed 
Phrasing. 

Phrasing  should  begin  with  the  first  sentence  exercise  before 
a  habit  of  writing  the  words  separately  is  acquired. 

RULE  I. 

Phrase  all  word-signs  and  simple  words,  if  there  is  a  close 
giammatical  connection  and  if  a  convenient  joining  can  be  madr 

WORD  SIGNS. 
That  the  beginner  may  form  some  idea  of  phrasing,  the  \\ 
to  be  phrased  in  this  and  a  few  succeeding  exercises   will 
joined  by  a  hyphen. 

The    fore,  of      AND     give,  gave     if      have    T.AKK     to.  too  or 
or  for  or  given  or  has  two 


SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 
1.  We  so-the  ri.     2.  He  gave-the  pi  to  ma.     3.  Jo  has-given- 
the   ti   to   Lu.     4.  U-ma   ru-the    da.      5.  Take-the   ha   to-the   Ju. 
6.  Give-mi  ho  to  Fa. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON  IV— Continued 

READING  EXERCISE. 


10  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    V 


RULE  2.     L.  M.  or  N. 
Make  all  letters  and  combinations  about  one-third  their  nor- 
mal size  or  length,  to  indicate  the  addition  of  L,  M  or  N. 

WORD  EXERCISE. 

K  is  used  for  hard  C,  S  for  soft  C.  F  is  used  for  Ph  and  Gh. 
When  Z  is  not  the  first  sound  in  a  word  it  is  represented  by  S. 

Rail-ral,  boll-bol,  rule-rul,  can-kan,  fun-fun,  soon-sun,  Rome- 
Rom,  hail-hal,  hole-hol,  Nell-Nel,  mill-mil,  meal-mel,  rill-ril, 
bale-bal,  came-kam,  home-hom,  Tom-Tom,  roll-rol,  pale-pal,  come- 
kom. 

WORD-SIGNS. 

AN       from     in     can       on  will 

....s^.....\....y..-^...ya. _/r^ 


SENTENCE    EXERCISE. 

1.  The  man  ran-the  lam. 

2.  Can-u  lev  for  Dun  to-da? 

3.  Give-the  pen  to-the  lam  man. 

4.  Can-the  womn  se-u  Tom?  ' 

5.  Nel  ran  to  kil-the  hen. 

6.  Take-the  lim  from-the  pen. 

Note — The  first  stroke  in  a  word  or  phrase  denotes  the  posi- 
tion. 

i 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


11 


LESSON    VI 


s  In  shorthand  we  will  meet  with  some  words  whose  outlines 
are  alike  or  similar,  which,  indeed,  must  be  in  any  system;  but 
the  context  will  readily  bring  out  the  right  word.  Just  as  in 
longhand  we  are  able  to  translate  illegibly  written  words  from 
the  bent  of  thought. 


1. 

2. 
3. 
4. 

5. 
6. 

7. 


SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

The  blin  man  will  fal  in-to-the  pon. 

Jan  ma-se-the  bum  in-the  jal. 

Kom  and  se-the  lin  bn-the  pol. 

Su  has-given-the  fan  to  Bel. 

Jo  and  Lon  ma  pla  bal  to-da, 

Ma-I  give-the  kan  to-the  lam  man? 

If-u  se  Jon  tel  him  to-kom  to-da. 


Ly^jy_J^^.. 


f  -^- 


Ms..^U^JJ, 


When  the  follows  a  word  it  is  always  joined,  and  is  struck 
in  the  direction  of  B,  D  or  F,  just  as  it  makes  the  better  angle. 

Below  is  given  a  short  list  of  phrases.  Practice  them  over  at 
least  fifty  times. 

PHRASES. 
. .   On-the,   for-the,   give-the,   take-the,   and-the,    from-the,    In-the, 
of-the,  to-the,  can-the,  to-glve,  to-give-the,  to-day,  have-given-the, 
in-to-the,    to-take-the,   can-you-take,    can-you-give-the,    I-may-take- 
the,  will-be,  will-be-the,  will-take-the. 


-A- 


.1. 


_-/:^_r. 


/^j_^-3.^__-i^\_/7.-/c:_^ 


12  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    VII 


COMBINATIONS. 
Practice  these  combinations  until  you  know  them  thoroughly. 
You  should  recognize  them  as  readily  as  you  do  the  letters  of  the 
longhand  alphabet.     Practice  them   over  at   least  twenty  times 
before  beginning  each  succeeding  exercise. 

Wh        Th      Sk  sh  or  ch  squ  sp  ({u         sw,  tw  or  dw 

Note — Sk  is  struck  upward. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 
Shale,  when,  she,  them,  skim,  squall,  skill,  swell,  quill,  shame, 
chin,  dwell,  swine,  swan,  twine,  quail,  while,  spell,  spun,   thus, 
shoe,  show,  they,  sky,  chew,  whey,  quay,  shic,  shave,  skin,  thin, 
shine,  thine,  sham,  thief,  chief. 

SENTENCE   EXERCISE. 

1.  Why  do-you  dwell  on-the  Rhine? 

2.  The  day  for  skill  has-come. 

3.  Shall  I  show-the  squill  to-the  chil? 

4.  The  swine  will  swim  in-the  slu. 

5.  They-will  shave-the  thief  to-day. 

6.  When  Tom  came  he  gave-the  chain  to-the  chil. 


d 


a-^^^lL^-Cy^Oy.Q 


'^"~V 


Note — Phrase,  If-you-wlll,  by  writing  a  contracted  F  in  U  posi- 
tion. This  gives  the  sounds  F-U-L.  They-will  by  a  contracted 
th  In  A  position,  you-will  by  a  contracted  U. 

Many  other  phrases  may  be  indicated  in  the  same  way. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  13 

LESSON    VIII 


The  inside  of  circles,  hooks,  loops  and  curves,  and  the  under- 
side of  horrizontal  straight  strokes  is  the  right  side.  The  oppo- 
site is  the  left  side.  ^     • 

RULE  3     (S  Circle.) 

When  S  is  not  the  first  sound  in  a  word  it  may  be  indicated 
by  malting  a  small  circle  on  the  right  side  ending  of  a  character. 

When  two  S's  occur  with  a  vowel  between,  make  a  dot 
within  the  circle  to  indicate  the  second  S. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Rose,  nose,  toes,  fuse,  ruse,  hose,  flies,  sighs,  nice,  mice, 
rice,  twice,  race,  glass,  class,  mass,  gas,  lass,  ties,  shies,  spaces,  lace, 
face,  roses,  noses,  fuses,  races,  glasses,  classes,  masses,  gases, 
lasses,  spaces,  laces,  faces,  cases. 

Note — The  S  circle  standing  alone  rei)resents  is  or  his. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  This  lass  is  in  Roses  classes. 

2.  Mose  kisses-the  misses,  while  Boss  misses-the  kisses. 

3.  The  race  was  for-the  masses;  the  rose  is  for  a  class. 

4.  Take-the  class  to-see-the  faces. 
Ti.     The  shi  miss  sees-the  spaces. 

6.  He  goes  to  raise-the  fuse  to-day. 

7.  Bose  spies-the  tame  mice. 

5.  He  has  glass  cases  for  his  laces. 


14  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   IX 


RULE    4.     R    Circle. 

When  R  is  not  the  first  sound  in  a  word,  it  may  be  iiidicatttd 
l)y  a  circle  larger  than  the  S  circle,  but  in  the  same  position. 

When  R  and  S  occur  together  mal<e  a  circle  twice  as  large 
as  ft  circle  to  indicate  Rs  or  Sr. 

The  circles  are  always  read  after  the  strokes  to  which  they 
are  attached  and  when  they  occur  between  two  strokes  they 
are  made  in  the  most  convenient  manner  for  joining.  This  is 
generaJly  on  the  o.itside  of  angles. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Roar,  shore,  dove,  car,  bar,  lower,  tar,  share,  far,  snore, 
sore,  tore,  cares,  theirs,  there,  were,  where,  roars,  pares.  Mars, 
I)air.  si)are.  snare,  square,  scare  (sk-ar),  rare,  doors. 

Note — The  R  circle  standing  alone  represents,  are,  our  or  or. 

READING   EXERCISE. 

1.  Clar'  has-gone  to-the  sea  shore  to-day  and-will  find  more 
shells  for  her  li'l  sister. 

2.  Are  we  to  show  our  snarer 

3.  He  swore  to-the  pair  be-fore-the  Justice  of-the  Peace. 

4.  All  of-the  men  will-have-their  shares. 

5.  The  dwarf  lives  near-the  home  of  Mars.  , 

6.  Where  were-you  be-fore-the  fire. 

7.  Their  home  is  on-the  square. 

8.  The  lion  roars  in  his  den  as-the  men  go  near-the  cave. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON     X 


RULE  5.     T,  D  or  Th. 

Make  all  letters  and  combinations  one-third  larger  than  the 
normal  size  to  indicate  the  addition  of  T.  D  or  Th. 

Th  following  R  circle  may  be  indicated  by  making  a  dot 
within  the  circle. 

IMPORTANT. 

Write  these  words  and  all  similar  exercises  over  at  least 
lit'teen  times  before  beginning  the  sentence  exercises: 

Shade,  spade,  skate,  that,  should  (shiid),  might,  weir^ht,  had 
did.  bid,  bit,  what,  squad,  scatter,  lad,  ladder,  both,  worth,  fourth, 
north,  moth,  sod,  but.  sud.  h(  rth. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  spade  that-was  welded  was-made  in-the  west. 

2.  What  should-be-ihe-  weight  of  a  man  that  is  six  feet 
high  ? 

3.  Ruth  rode  to-the  gate  with  Kate. 

4.  Father  and  mothej-  will-not  go  to  Duluth  to-day  if-thu 
road  is  not  safe. 

'i.  Nat  might  have  made-the  sled  for-the  lad. 

6.  If-you-do,  what-is  right,  the  car  man  may-give-us  a  ride. 

7.  What  are  we  to-have  for-the  fourth? 

8.  Did  Rose  take  her  doll  to-the  fair? 


in 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    X-Continoed 


...c::>__.c.^ 


■ o 


..k:.riV..c 


.i-.> — j:z 


K\.x. 


.k_-. 


/--C o.-srrr 


-'^ 


^_.. 


.(...-^..^,, 


2-\. 


X. 


Note- — !s    and.  are    may    be    phrased    by    making   the   circles 
Avhich  rei)resent  them  on  the  left  side. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  17 


LESSON   XI 


CONNECTIVE  VOWELS. 

The  connective  vowels  are  used  when  a  word  begins  with  a 
distinctly  sounded  E,  A,  O,  I,  or  U,  and  may  be  written  in  any 
position,  except  when  the  word  contains  another  forcible  vowel; 
then  use  the  connective  vowel  at  the  beginning  and  write  the 
word  in  the  position  of  the  second  or  forcible  vowel. 

When  two  distinctly  sounded  vowels  occur  together,  as  in 
Di-az,  Bi-as,  etc.,  write  the  first  part  of  the  word  in  the  position 
of  the  first  vowel,  and  use  a  connective  vowel  for  the  second 
If  a  convenient  joining  cannot  be  made,  make  a  break  in  the 
W4>rd,  that  the  connective  vowel  may  be  represented  distinctly. 

All  rules  apply  to  these  vowels  the  same  as  to  other  strokes 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Eve,  abate,  eel,  add,  ache,  elate,  adieu,  emit,  Emu,  edit, 
era,  old,  oven,  unite,  ill,  ice,  eight,  earn,  egress,  ate,  equal  (ekl), 
I.pon.  Bias,  Di-az,  pe-on,  du-et,  Lu-an. 

WORD-SIGNS. 

almost       alwaj-s     ever  or    after      after-     again  or 
over  wards     against 


s.^..^.X- 


SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  "I  shall  see  to  it  that  every  man  has  a  square  deal."    "No 
less  and  no  more." — Theodore  Roosevelt. 

2.  No  man  can-do  more  than  his  best,  but  a  good  many  men 
can-do  more  than  they  think   is  their  best. 

3.  The   longer  a   man    lives,   the   more  he   finds-the   less  he 
knows. 

4.  After  a   i^on   has-done  his   very   best   to-day,  he  is  in  a 
fair  way  to-do,  even,  better  afterwards. 

5.  Again-the  old  man  throws-the  eel  against  the  elm. 

6.  What  time  will  Elmer  'rive. 

7.  Above  all  do-not  spare-the  rod  to-get  beat  by  the  child. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    Xl-Continwcd 


/ 


/. 


r    /_C 


Note — See  first  exercise  of  commercial   plirases   for   l-shall, 
than-they-think . 


PRACTICAL  SHORTHAND.  19 


LESSON  xn 


DOUBLE   VOWELS. 


— aw-  iLUow  ovbT- 

oi(»v 
"ooe 

Note — From  the  above  diagram  that  we  have  the  double 
vowels  aw  and  au  corresponding  to  the  A  position,  ow  and  ou  to 
O  position,  oi  and  oy  to  I,  and  oo  and  ew  to  U. 

Write  the  character  in  the  position  of  the  vowel  as  illus- 
trated above.  If  the  double  vowel  occurs  as  the  first  sound  in  a 
word,  as  in  Oil,  make  an  acute  accent  before  the  stroke.  If  it 
follows,  as  in  boy,  make  the  accent  after  the  stroke. 

Never  use  the  accent  to  represent  ew  and  it  is  rarely  used 
for  oo,  the  varied  sounds  for  U  being  quite  sufficient. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Saw,  how,  out,  house,  mouse,  owl,  howl,  fowl,  boil,  boy,  ant, 
another,  anger,  awful,  outfit,  out-law,  land,  oyster,  spoil,  squaw, 
thaw,  law,  hound,  good,  pool,  fewer,  loiter,  found,  broil. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  With  this-the  boy  ought  (ot)   to-have  seen-the  ounce. 

2.  Nother  owl  in-the  old  elm  saw-the  boy  on-the  bough  (bow). 

3.  The  squaw  that-was  almost  blind  saw-the  awk. 

4.  Always  oil-the  saw  before-you  take-out-the  awl. 

5.  Most  of-us  found-the  fowl  that  Howard  sold. 

6.  An  oyster  in-the  can  is  worth  many  in-the  bay. 


20 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XIII 


RULE  6.     ING. 

Indicate  ng,  ing,  ding,  thing  or  ling  at  the  end  of  a  word  by 
making  a  dot  on  the  end  of  the  stroke. 

If  either  of  these  sounds  occur  in  the  middle  of  a  word  indi- 
cate them  by  making  a  break  in  the  word  after  the  dot,  the 
second  part  beginning  in  line  with  the  closing  of  the  first. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Running,  mining,  having,  loving,  moving,  showing,  drawing, 
doing,  nothing,  darling,  Birming-ham.  Bennington,  Lansing,  sling, 
any-thing,  string,  tolling,  driving,  quitting,  moaning,  closing, 
spring,  standing,  trying,  crying,  hoeing,  throwing,  shoeing. 

Note — An  abbreviation  may  be  indicated  by  striking  a  tick 
across  the  character  at  the  end. 


advantage 

truly 


WORD-SIGNS. 

Dear  Sir  which 

My  Dear  Sir      large 


afternoon 

also 


h.-^.h-0..1 


-cD 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 
Mr.  John  Roeing, 

Wellington,  Mo. 
Dear   Sir:      We-will   state-that   Lynn   King   is   a   minor.     He 
has-no  legal   right   in-the   buying  and   selling   of  goods   for-this 
firm.     You  will  please  take  advantage  of  this  warning  and  sell 
him  nothing.     Yours  truly, 

YOUNG,  DAVIS   &   CO. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


21 


LESSON    XIV 


RULE 


K  and  Kr. 


Make  a  hook  on  the  right  side  ending  of  a  character  to  indi- 
cate K.  Extending  this  hook  to  hali  the  length  of  the  stroke 
adds  R,  malving  KR. 

These  hooks  may  be  contracted  to  indicate  a  following  L,  iVI 
or  N,  if  they  are  the  last  sounds  in  a  word. 


SENTENCE   EXERCISE. 

1.  Jack  also  took  Peggy-the  lame  Mascot  to  ride  on  deck. 

2.  Mike,  with  his  trick  dog,  tracked-the  nag  through-the  bog. 

3.  The  big  rug  which  Dick  took-to-the  lake  is  not  in-the  hack. 

4.  The  baker  bakeu  a  large  cake  in-the  afternoon  which  he 
gave-to  Rucker. 

5.  The  packer  put-tne  liquor  by-the  wicker   basket. 

? 

0 Z^_o_::xy_x^^^_ 


WORD  EXERCISE. 

Walk,  rake,  shake,  spoke,  joke,  dock,  knock,  shock,  book, 
took,  lake^  steak,  fake,  packer,  mocker,  maker,  baker,  duck, 
shaker,  spoke,  snake,  soak,  rake,  speaker. 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XV 


RULE  8.      Br,   Pr.  and   Str. 
Make  a  loop  on  the  right  side  of  a  character  ending  to  indicate 
Br  or  Pr. 

Make  a  large  loop  in  same  position  for  Str. 

WRITING   EXERCISE. 

1.  The  robber  took-ti.e  paper  from-the  baker. 

2.  The  boaster  now  lives  on-the  Tiber.  \ 

3.  The  teamster  should  labor  by-the  day. 

4.  Our  sober  master  left  for  Hester  on  Labor  Day.  ■ 

5.  The  pastors  visit  ail-the  members. 


J> 


^A/oj.^^C^.{Ay-rlZ 


-^^-'- 


^ 


WORD  EXERCISE. 

Hamper,  sober,  damper,  scamper,  uarber.  labor,  saber,  fiber, 
neighbor,  upper,  supper,  dipper,  piper,  liberty,  helper,  taper,  nip- 
per, minister,  duster,  jester,  castor,  coaster. 

REVIEW    EXERCISE. 

1.  John  may-give-the  cane  to-the  lame  man,  which-we  saw 
at-the  lake. 

2.  Nell  always  takes-the  map  to  her  desk. 

3.  The  boys  are  running,  jumping  and  playing  on-the  sand. 

4.  The  men  are  making  hay  while-the  sun  is  shining. 

5.  The  bark  was  swept  in-to-the  Gulf  by-the  current  from- 
the  shore. 

6.  Seeing  is  believing,  feeling  is  knowing. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  23 


LESSON   XVI 


RULE  9.     Shun,  Shus,  or  Shal.    Sh  or  Ch. 

When  Sh  or  Ch  is  not  the  first  sound  in  a  word  they  may 
be  indicated  by  making  a  large  hook  on  the  right  side  of  a  char 
acter  ending. 

Make  a  dot  in  a  direct  line  with  the  ending  of  a  character, 
to  indicate  Shun  (Tion,  clan,  sian,  sion,  cheon),  Shus  (Tious, 
clous),  and  Shal   (Tial,  ciai). 

IMPORTANT. 

It  is  not  necessary,  always,  to  express  the  closing  T  or  D 
forming  the  past  tense.  The  context  will  generally  bring  out 
the  tense. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  watch  which  was  found  on-the  beach  was  wash'  on 
shore  by-the  tide. 

2.  I  wish  that-the  mesh  were  small  that-we-might  catch  flsh 
In-the  branch. 

3.  Welch  wash'-the  sash  which-was  lash'  to-the  old  beech 
near-the  patch. 


aLp./ ■__,,. 

WORD   EXERCISE. 

Much,  watch,  catch,  latch,  church,  march,  motion,  notion, 
caution,  lotion,  fashion,  partial,  martial,  action,  judicious,  por- 
tion, addition,  gracious,  vision,  ration,  education.  i)ush,  starch, 
touch,  dutch,  parch. 


24 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XVII 


WRITING  EXERCISE.     (Shun.) 

Dear-Sir:  We-wisli-to  call  attention  to-the  expansion  of  a 
commotion  in-that  section,  and  to  caution  you  that-the  dis- 
position of  one  faction  seems-to-be  to  position  a  magician  in- 
your  station.  We  trust  that  rational  action  with-this  exposition 
and  explanation  will  prevent  additional  dissension. 
Yours-truly,  - 


_yai^. 


) 


J__._i>_c..^-_( 


.!5. 


<:.-=^ 


r o  — 


^_^. 


Note:  See  Rule  12  for  Com;  Rule  16  for  Position.  When  a 
letter  or  syllable  follows  Shun,  write  the  character  which  rep- 
resents this  letter  or  syllable  in  the  position  for  the  Shun  dot, 
as  in  rational  and  additional,  as  above. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  25 


LESSON    XVIII 


RULE    10. 
Indicate  Dy,  Ty  or  Thy  at  the  end  of  a  word  by  a  lengthened  Y. 

Indicate  Sy  or  Cy  at  the  end  of  a  word  by  mailing  an  S  circle 
on  the  left  side  of  the  character  ending  and  Ry  by  an  R  circle 
on  the  same  side. 

Indicate  Ly,  My  or  Ny  at  the  end  of  a  word  by  a  tick  struck  in 
the  direction  of  Y  or  K. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  Old  man  slowly  push'  his  way  through-the  crowd 
and  kindly  passed-the  candy  to  Fanny. 

2.  Lucy  took-the  honey  to-the  busy   man. 

3.  The  chilly  breeze  blows  gently  from-the  east. 

4.  The  .lolly  boy  found-the  money  which  Daisy  lost. 

5.  Henry  caught-the  hairy  fox. 

6.  Mary  willingly  took-the  polly  to-the  show. 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

"Look    Before   You    Leap." 

A  Story  is  told  of  a  fox  that-had  fallen  in-to  a  well  and-did- 
not-know  how-to  get-out  again.  After  a  time  a  goat  came-to-the 
same  place  to  drink,  so  he  asked:  "Is  the  water  good?"  "Good," 
answered-the  fox,  "Why,  it's  as  sweet  as  milk,  and  there  is 
plenty  of-it."  On-this-the  goat  leaped  in-to-the  well  and-the  fox 
mounting  on   his  back   sprang  out. 


2G  PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XIX 


RULE  11. 

Words  repeated  as  around  and  around,  as  soon  as,  night 
after  night,  etc.,  and  any  phrase  or  sentence  occurring  a  number 
of  times  in  a  discourse,  may  be  indicated  by  writing  the  first 
word  and  making  a  perpendicular  cross  closely  following. 

In  such  expressions  as  War  Department,  Special  Committee, 
Attorney  General,  etc.,  write  the  first  word  and  through  it  strike 
the  initial  sound  or  letter  of  the  second. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  He  as  well  as  she  came  to-the  sea  shore,  time  after  time 
to  watch-the  waves  roll  over  and  over  each  other. 

2.  Night  after  night  the  little  ones  climbed  on-the  old  man's 
knee,  and  while  listening  to-the  story  told  them  again  and  again, 
would  watch-the  smoke  as  it  slowly  rose  from  his  pipe,  and  in 
clouds  circled  round  and  round,  rising  higher  and  higher  above 
them. 

Note — The  vowel  beginning  a  word  may  be  omitted  if  its 
sound  is  not  important,  as  in  above,  ask,  etc. 


ZDJr^R^jln.^.J^^ 


{-- 


^^y. 


TVX^'-/ 


WRITING   EXERCISE. 

This  story  is  told  of  a  man  from-the  East  who-had  recently 
stopped  at  a  hotel  in  a  small  Western  town.  After  REtiring  for- 
the  night  he  was  'waken  by-the  noise  of  a  strong  wind  which- 
had  REcently  'risen.  Somewhat  excited,  he  'rose  from  his  bed 
to  'xamine-the  weather,  but  instead  of  looking  out  at-the  window, 
he  thrust  his  head  through-the  door  of  a  cupboard.  "Landlord," 
cried-the  'stonished  man,  "This  is  very  unusual  weather,  the 
night  is  as  dark  as  Egypt  and  smells  of  cheese. 

Note — See  Rule  12  for  RE 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON  XX 


RULE  12. 

Strike  a  tick  upward  in  the  direction  of  B,  D,  or  F,  on  the 
beginning  of  a  character  for  ac  or  ak.  Strike  a  tick  downward 
in  the  direction  of  B,  D,  or  F,  for  con,  com,  col,  coun  or  cum. 

Make  a  loop  on  the  right  side  of  a  character  at  the  beginning 
for  ab,  ap,  ob  or  op. 

Make  a  large  hook  on  the  right  side  of  a  character  beginning 
for  Re.     This  hook  may  be  omitted  before  J  and  W. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  Commander  requests  that-you  commit-the  business  to 
a  committee. 

2.  See-the  convict  convert  water  in-to  ice. 

3.  They  will  acquit  my  colleague  upon  considering-the  report 
of-the  commission. 

4.  Conduct-the  actor  to-the  confines  of-the  town. 

5.  Do-not  appear  apart  when-you  reach-the  abode  of-the 
Apache. 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 
Mr.  T.  G.  Abbot, 

Abilene,  Kan. 

Dear  Sir:  We-are-in  receipt-af  your-favor-of  Aug.  8th,  and- 
in-reply  will-say-that  Mr.  Akard  has  just  returned  from  his  East- 
ern trip,  and-it-will  likely  be  two  or  three  weeks  before  he  will-be 
out  that-way  again;  however,  we-will-send  him  your-letter  and 
tell  him  to  write-you  when  he  will-be-there  again. 

As  per  promise,  we-have  mailed  you  a  list  of  our  stoves  and 
Mr.  Akard  will-give-you  prices  on  same.  We  hope  to-be-able  to- 
sell-you  some  goods,  and  beg  to-remain.        Yours  truly, 


28  PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    XXI 


RULE  13.     Prefixes. 

M  at  the  beginning  of  a  word  represents  IM  and  EM;  disjoin- 
ed it  represents  Magna,  Magne,  Magni,  Mac  or  Mc. 

A  contracted  I  at  the  beginning    of    a    word    represents    In; 
disjoined  it  represents  Enter,  Entre,  Intro  or  Intru. 

At  the  beginning  of  a  word  represents  Ex;  disjoined  it  rep- 
resents Extra,  Extre,  Exter,  Extri  or  Extir. 

The  Con  tick  disjoined  and  written  just  before  the  beginning 
of  a  word  represents  Contra,  Contri,  Contro  or  Counter. 

The  R  circle  disjoined  and  written  just  before  the  beginning 
of  a  word  represents  Retra,  Retri  or  Retro. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  magnate  magnetized-the  magnetic  needle  with  mag- 
nesia. 

2.  The  lady,  who  entertained-the  interpreter,  is  reading  an 
Interesting  book. 

3.  They-will  export  our  extracts  with  extreme  watchfulness. 

4.  The  contractor  countermanded-the  order. 

5.  He  retrieved-the  contrivance  with  no  retribution. 


WORD   EXERCISE. 

Improve,  employ,  emerge,  emerald,  embody,  imitate,  in  hand,  en- 
join, enlist,  indent,  inborn,  entertain,  interlock,  interwoven,  intro- 
duce, intrude,  entreat,  magnetic,  magnet,  magnanimous,  extant,  ex- 
tend, expel,  expect,  exterior,  external,  extract,  extradition,  ex- 
treme, extricate,  extirpate,  contrite,  contribute,  contravent,  con- 
tract, contrive,  control,  contradict,  retrograde,  retract,  retreat, 
retrench. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  29 


LESSON   XXII 


RULE  14.     Prefixes  Disjoined. 

When  Con,  Com,  Col,  Cum,  etc.,  occurs  after  another  prefix 
or  letter,  the  tick  should  be  joined  with  this  prefix  or  letter,  and 
a  break  made  in  the  word  immediately  after  the  tick. 

A  dot  written  in  line  with  the  beginning  of  a  word  represents 
Recon,  Recom,  Recol,  Recoun,  Recog  or  Recor. 

A  disjoined  at  the  beginning  of  a  word  represents  Adminis;  E 
disjoined  represents  Equi,  Equiv  or  Equa. 

A  contracted  E  disjoined  represents  Emper,  Imper,  Impre,  Im- 
por  or  Impro. 

R  disjoined  represents  Irre,  Irra  or  Irri. 

A  contracted  M  disjoined  represents  Multi. 

A  circle  S  disjoined  represents  Self  or  Circum. 

S  disjoined  represents  Super,  Supre,  etc. 

T  disjoined  represents  Tran  or  Trans. 

WRITING  EXERCISE. 

1.  The  accomplishments  of-the  young  lady  are  uncommonly 
recognizable.    • 

2.  The  administrator  administered  justice  equally  to-the 
equestrians. 

3.  The  Emperor  was  irremovable  after  improperly  imprison- 
ing-the  imposter. 

4.  The  judge  being  self-possessed  would-not  permit  a  mul- 
tiplicity of  circumstantial  evidence. 

5.  The  translator,  who  is  nearing  superannuation  will  trans- 
mit-the  transcript  to  a  superior  officer. 


30 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    XXII     Continued 


WORD   EXERCISE, 

Account,  accumulate,  encompass,  encumber,  incomplete,  in- 
cumbent, incorrupt,  incorporate,  incompetent,  encounter,  encour- 
age, reconsider,  recompense,  discontinue,  discount,  noncondi- 
tional,  administer,  administrator,  equator,  equinox,  equity,  equiv- 
alent, empress,  imperial,  imperfect,  impertinent,  imprint,  im- 
pose, irritate,  irresistible,  circumspect,  circumvent,  selfish, 
supreme,  superior,  transform,  translate,  transcontinental. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  31 


LESSON   XXIII 


RULE  15.     Affixes  Joined. 

Strike  a  contracted  M  on  to  the  end  of  a  word  for  ment;  a 
contracterl  L  for  Lent,  Ulent;  a  contracted  V  for  Vent;  a  con- 
tracted G  for  Gram  or  Grim;  an  F  for  Graph;  Fr  for  Grapher;  Fk 
for  Graphic,  and  a  lengthened  R  for  Ward. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  Edward,  after  a  wearisome  confinement  in  a  convent,  goes 
to  Southbend  to  make  his  home  with  an  opulent  Jew. 

2.  The  Lithographer  made  a  lithographic  diagram  of  Pil- 
grim's Progress  for-the  stenographer. 


Note — When  C  and  Q  occur  as  initials  write  them  in  Long- 
hand. 

If  the  name  of  an  individual  is  long  and  unfamiliar  it  is  saier 
to  write  it  hurriedly  into  longhand. 

WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Mr.  C.  Q.  Simpson, 
Kirk,  111. 
Dear  Sir:     We-have-your  wire  accepting  one  car  of  good  corn 
in  shuck  at  35c  per  bushel  delivered  at  your  place,  which  order 
we-have  boked,   and   will-get-same .  out  with   as  little   delay  as 
possible. 

We-thank-you    for-this    order   and    solicit   your   further   busi- 
ness. '     Yo-.irs-trulv, 

R.  A.  MILLER  GRAIN  CO. 


PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    XXIII    Continued 

READING   EXERCISE. 
A    Letter. 


The  Answer. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  33 


LESSON   XXIV 


RULE  16.     Affixes  Disjoined. 

Represent  Self  or  Selves  at  the  end  of  a  word  by  a  disjoined 
S  circle,  ative,  etive,  itive,  etc.,  by  a  V  disjoined,  arity,  erity,  ority 
by  Ty  disjoined,  cient,  tient  by  Nt  disjoined,  ology  or  ogical  by 
an  O  disjoined,  position  by  a  contracted  P  disjoined,  ship  by  P 
disjoined,  Fiction  by  F  disjoined,  and  mental  or  mentality  by  a 
contracted  M  disjoined. 

SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 

1.  Mr.  Church,  speaking  of  him-self  relative  to  his  popularity, 
says:     "I-am  greatly  in-the  minority." 

2.  The  supposition  is,  the  ancient  people  knew  nothing  of- 
the  science  of  Psychology  nor  of  Physiology. 

3.  Citizenship  is  one  of-the  fundamental  qualifications  for 
member-ship. 


WORD   EXERCISE. 

Government,  implement,  judgment,  corpulent,  invent,  prevent, 
monogram,  diagram,  telegram,  pilgrim,  telegraph,  lithograph, 
photograph,  stenographer,  phonographic,  toward,  onward,  for- 
ward, backward,  myself,  himself,  themselves,  ourselves,  declara- 
tive, rejective,  relative,  objective,  disparity,  barbarity,  sincerity, 
majority,  patient,  ancient,  chronology,  theology,  mineralogy,  im- 
position, disposition,  worship,  friendship,  classification,  modifica- 
tion, instrumental,  ornamental,  experimental,  instrumentality. 


34  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XXV 


SENTENCE  EXERCISE. 
Including  some  frequent  occurring  affixes: 

1.  My  agreeable  friend,  notice  your  recklessness  and  em 
barrassment. 

2.  Though-the  conduct  of-that  admirable  and  adorable  girl 
is  so  blalnable,  I-do-not  deem  it  advisable  to  censure  her. 

3.  The  agreeable  and  peaceable  smith  while  shoeing  a  man- 
ageable and  serviceable  horse,  was  eying  a  woman,  who-was 
strolling  carelessly  along.  

4.  Her  giddiness  and  merciless  conduct  luckily  justify  my 
course. 

5.  The  life  of-that  worthless  man  is  peaceful. 

6.  The  lad's  idleness  and  rudeness  are  wholly  chargeable 
to  his   parents. 

SIGNS  AND  ABBREVIATIONS. 

These  common  signs  and  abbreviations  are  used  the  same  as 
in  longhand: 

%   per  cent,  $  dollars,  c  cents,  B/L 
Bill  of  Lading,  B/S  Bill  of  Sale, 
C/0  In  Care  of,  J/A  Joint  Account, 
L/C  Letter  of  Credit,  C.O.D.  Cash 
(or  Collect)  on  Delivery,  Cfi  Cost 
Freight  and  Insurance,  F»0,B»  Freight 
on  Board,  dd.  days  after  date,  D.S. 
Days  after  Sight. 

The  ordinals  1st,  2d,  3d,  etc.,  are  indicated  by  making  a  dash 
under  the  figures  1,  2,  3,  etc.;  once,  twice,  thrice,  etc.,  are  indi- 
cated by  making  two  dashes  under  the  figures  1,  2,  3,  etc.  In 
expressing  very  large  numbers  as,  30,000,  2,000,000,  10,000,000,000, 
strike  one  dash  by  the  side  of  the  last  period  for  thousands,  two 
for  millions,  three  for  billions,  etc..  as, 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  35 


LESSON   XXVI 


COMMERCIAL  ABBREVIATIONS. 

Here  given,  is  a  list  of  words  and  their  abbreviations.  The 
words  are  common  in  commercial  correspondence  and  their  ab- 
breviation should  be  memorized  and  written  a  number  of  times 
in  shorthand.  Speed  will  depend  largely  upon  your  familiarity 
with  these  abbreviations. 

Use  the  tick,  as  before  employed,  to  indicate  the  abbrevia- 
tions containing  position  vowels  and  any  other  abbreviation 
which  is  rarely  used. 

Never  use  phrasing  with  the  last  mentioned  outlines. 

A. 

Word.  Abbreviation. 

Abbreviated,  Abbreviation  Ab-V 

Accept-ed-ance Ac-S 

Account    Kt 

Acquaintance    Ac-qu 

Acknowledge-d K-1 

Advertise-d   D-V 

Agent,  Agency A-gt 

Amanuensis    Am-n 

Amount    Am-t 

Altogether    Al-g 

Answer Ans 

Assistan-ance  As-t 

Attorney A-ty 

B. 

Balance Bal 

Brother  Bro 

C. 

Catalogue    Kat 

Century,  Central   Sen 

Church   Chu 

Chapter Cha 

Circumstance  Sr-k 

Citation,  citizen  ": Sit 

Circular   Sr-kl 

Character Ktr 

Company,  County  Ko 

Colonel,  Kernel   Ker 

Collect-or   : Kl-k 

Commission-er   Com-s 

Commerce,  Commercial Kms 

Credit-or    Kr 

Correspond-ence Kor 


3(?  PRACTICAL    SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    XXVI— Continued 


D. 

Definition Def 

Defendant   D-ft 

Deliver-ed,  y D-lr 

Differ-ent-ence D-fr 

Difficulty-y    D-fkl 

Dictionary D-kt 

Discount    Dis 

Disappoint    D-sp 

Divide-s    Vid 

Doctor  Dr. 

E. 

Economy,  Economical    Con-mi 

Eidtor,  Edition Ed 

Electrical,  Electricity.  Electrician  Elek 

Everyone    Vr-vn 

Every-where  V-wh 

Except X 

F. 

Figure,  Figuratively   Fig 

Further Fur 

G. 

General-ly Gen 

Gentleman G-mn 

Gentlemen G-men 

German,  Germany Ger. 

H. 

Herewith    H-with 

Honorable  Hon 

However H-vr 

I. 

Instant  (in  the  present  month)    Inst 

Interest In-t 

Importarit-ance  M-p 

Improve-d   Mpv 

Inequality   Nequl 

Irregular-ity    G-lr 

K. 

Knowledge   kn-1 

L. 

Language    N-J 

,  Latitude,  Latin  Lat 

Legislature    Leg 

Literature,  Literary  Lit 

Longhand   L-hn 

Liberty    Lib 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON    XXVI— Continued 


M. 

Meanwhile    Mn-1 

Manufacture-r-y    M-f-'g 

Memorandum Me-m 

Minute .• Min 

N. 

Nevertheless  Ve-ls 

Number    No 

Numbered Nob 

Notwith-standing    Nt-St 

O. 

Object-ed B-J 

Observe  Ob-s 

-   Opportunity    , Op-r 

P. 

Public,  Publish   Pub. 

Particular-ly    Tk-1 

Perhaps Prh 

Punctual-ity    P-nt  ^ 

Principle,    Principal-ly    P-rn 

President    Pres 

Professor   Prof. 

Privilege   Priv 

R. 

Replying    Pl-ing 

Receive Re-s 

Report-er    Re-P 

Regular-ity-ly    Reg 

Respect   R-sp 

Respectful-ly    F-ly 

Represent-ative    Rep 

S. 

Satisfy-ed   St-f 

Satisfaction,  Satisfactory-ily St-fr 

Secretary   Sek 

Superintendent    Supt. 

Substitute    Sub 

T. 

Treasurer  Treas 

Therefore Th-f 

Y. 
Yesterday    Ys-t 

IMPORTANT. 

If  you  have  a  word  of  long  outline  to  occur  in  your  work  ab- 
breviate it  and  indicate  the  abbreviation  by  the  tick.  If  the 
word  occurs  often  adopt  an  abbreviation  for  it. 


38  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 


LESSON   XXVII 


COMMERCIAL   PHRASES. 

It  would  be  impractical  to  give  an  extensive  list  of  phrases, 
for  every  stenographer  will  have  terms  and  phrases  peculiar 
to  his  particular  work,  and  in  writing  these  he  will  naturally 
adopt   phrasing. 

In  this  he  must  use  his  own  good  sense  and  judgment. 

Our  object  in  giving  this  short  list  is  to  familiarize  the  student 
with  the  kind  and  forms  of  words  which  should  be  used  in 
phrasing. 


Such  words  as,  do,  did,  no,  not,  hand,  time,  see,  say,  favor, 
and  many  other  common  words  may  be  phrased  and  written  in 
any  position. 

If  they  occur  as  the  first  word  in  a  phrase,  write  them  in 
their  position  without  regard  to  the  position  of  any  other  word 
in  the  phrase. 

Generally  do  not  phrase  more  than  two  or  three  words,  but 
an  exception  may  be  made  to  this  in  technical  and  frequent  oc- 
curring phrases  or  where  the  context  is  very  strong. 


PHRASES. 

It-will-be,  I-can,  I-would,  I-would-be,  It-will-not,  I-can-not,  In- 
which-the,  I-shall,  I-shall-not-  I-may-be,  would-be,  will-not-be, 
please-have-the,  you-will-have,  you-have-not,  you-may-have,  you 
may-be,  from-which,  you-can-not,  to-hand,  your-favor,  you-will-be, 
have-you-given,  in-that,  for-that,  there-has-been,  we-would-like, 
your-kind-letter,  your-kind-favor,  in-time,  on-time,  and-the,  and- 
there,  and-will-be,  and-have,  at-hand,  to-do,  to-make,  in-due-time, 
to-come  or  call,  ought-to-have,  about-this,  they-have-been,  what- 
has-been,  I-do-not,  they-do-not,  you-do-not,  you-do-not-think,  we- 
do-not-know,  we-are-sorry,  by-same-mail,  will-not-be-able,  we-will- 
not-have. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  39 


LESSON    XXVn~  Continued 


Note — In  many  phrases  one  or  two  important  words  may  b« 
omitted  without  loss  to  legibility  as,  what-(is)-your-name,  what- 
( is) -your-name- (and) -business,  in-such- (a)-manner,  days- (of- the) - 
■weelt,  in-regard-(to-the)-matter,  please-let-(us)-hear. 

We-will  (w  contracted),  we-think  or  thank  (the  K  hook  is 
used  for  think  or  thank  in  phrasing). 

We-shall  or  should  (the  Sh  hook  is  used  for  shall  or  should 
in  phrasing  and  should  be  reversed  on  straight  strokes). 

If-you-will  (See  Lesson  7),  if-you-are  (F  in  U  position  with 
circle  R  reversed),  if-you-can  (contracted  K  hook  is  used  for  can 
in   phrasing). 

They-will-be,  there-will-be,  you-will-be,  we-beg-to,  which-have, 
which-have-been,  who-have-been,  to-have-been,  they-have-not,  you- 
will-not,  would-you,  who-will,  we-have-not,  we-have-known,  you- 
must,  you-must-have,  I-have-not,  I-will-not,  we-will-say,  we-have- 
your. 

,  Outlines  for  Above  Phrases. 

-^- ^7-y->-^-i^- 


40  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 

LESSON    XXVIII 


BUSINESS   LETTERS. 

Write  each  of  these  letters  at  least  twenty-five  times  in 
short  and  no  less  than  fifteen  times  on  the  typewriter,  as  you 
must  become  familiar  with  business  forms,  terms,  language,  etc.: 

(39)  Dallas,  Texas,  Oct.  17th,  1905. 

Mr.  J.  A.  Adams, 

Colorado,  Tex. 
Dear  Sir:     Your-order  received  and  same  will-have  our  prompt 
attention.     We-will-give-you  our  lowest  prices. 
Thanks  for-the  order.  Yours  truly, 

PITTMAN  &   SMITH  CO. 


(50)  Waco,  Texas.  Sept.  15,  1905. 

Hon.   J.  H.   Ray, 
Mart,  Texas. 
Dear  Sir:     As  per  request  I  beg  to  herewith  acknowledge-the 
receipt  of-your  check  for  $450.00,  account  payment  of-the  D.  A. 
Horn  indebtedness  to-me.    'i  hanking  you  for-the  same,  I  am. 

Very  kindly, 

EARL  MOORE. 


(42)  Chicago,  111.,  Aug.  16th,  05. 

Messrs.  Dowling  &   Co.. 
Smithville,  Ark. 
Gentlemen:      We-are-in    receipt    of-your    application    for    our 
samples,  which-we  take  pleasure  to  forward  at  once  and  hope 
to-be-favored   with-your   esteemed   orders. 

Yours  truly, 

DEW   TAILORING   CO. 


(59)  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  Aug.  31st,  05. 

J.  A.  McKinley, 

Norman,  O.   i. 
Dear  Sir:      We-are  just  in  receipt  of-yours  of  25th,  and  as 
requested  will  cancel  your-order  for  buggies.     We  hope  that-you- 
will  see  fit  to-order  this  job  out  at  an  early  date. 
Wishing  you  much  success,  we-are, 

Very-truly-yours. 

MASON  IMPLEMENT  CO. 
Diet,  by  O.C.Y, 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  41 


LESSON    XXIX 


(93)  Cleveland,  O.,  Nov.  3d,  1905. 

The  James  R.  Smith  Co., 
Quincy,  III. 

Gentlemen:  Referring  to  our  letter-of  26  inst.,  we-would-ask 
if-you-do-not  wish  us  to-send-you  an  "Easy  Washer"  on  approval, 
which-you-may  return  without  expense  if  for  any  reason  you- 
can-not  use  it. 

We-make  you-the  a^ove  proposition  knowing-the  "Easy 
Washer"  to-be-the  very  best  washer  on-the  market,  and-we  want- 
to  convince  you.  Yours-truly, 

JOHN  R.  BROWN   CO. 


(68)  Denison,  Texas,  Oct.  8th,  1905. 

Mr.M.  A.  Evans, 
Houston,  Texas. 

Dear  Sir:  Referring  to-you  inquiry  regarding  discount,  we- 
beg  to-say-that,  while  our  list  is  absolutely  net,  we-will-allow 
you  our  export  cash  discount  of  2  per  cent,  ten  days.  We-would- 
be   pleased-to   receive  your-order,   and   remain, 

Yours-truly, 

C.  N.  FLINT  &  SONS  CO. 


(85)  Amarillo,    Tex.,    March    31st,    1905. 

Mr.  C.  T.   Snow, 

Vernon,  Texas. 
Dear-Sir:     We-enclose-you  herewith  invoice  and  Bill  of  Lading 
for  shipment  of  millet  per  your-order  of  a  few  days  ago.    We-did- 
not  have-the  millet  here,  but  had  some  in  iiort  Worth  and  wired 
our  shipper  to  let  it  go  direct. 

We-have  billed  it  at  $2.30  in-order-to  equalize-the  freight,  all 
of-which   we  trust  is  satisfactory. 

Yours- very-truly, 

W.  A.  MASON  GRAIN  CO. 


(85)  '  Sherman,  Tex.,  Feb.  16th,  1905. 

Mr.  B.  C.  Chase, 

Bowie,    Texas. 

Dear-Sir:  Your-favor  of-the  14th  received.  We  are  loading 
your  car  to-day  and-wil-have  same  rushed  out.  We-will-give-you 
our  best  prices,  quality  considered.  We  always  give  our  cus- 
tomers-the  best  goods  obtainable,  and-can  truthfully  say-that, 
we-have  never  had  a  complaint  on  goods  shipped  under  our  own 
supervision.  When-you-are  in  the  market  do-not  fail  to-let  us- 
hear  from-you.  Yours-truly, 

BAR   &   LIGHT. 


449582 


42  PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND. 

LESSON    XXX 


(100)  Marion,  O.,  Nov.  4th,  1905. 

Messrs.  Roe  and  Jones, 
Cleveland,  O. 

Gentlemen:  I-have-been  in  business  in-this  town  for  more 
than  ten  years  and  refer  to-the  ii'armers  National  Bank  and  to 
Mr.  J.  H.  Summers,  ex-Mayor  and  a  prominent  citizen.  I  see  a 
good  opening  to  increase  my  sales,  and  am  desirous  of  a  supply 
of-your  goods  to  sell  on  commission. 

If  required,  I-will-give-you  full  security  against  loss. 

Should  this  proposition  meet  your  views,  please  flll-the  ac- 
companying order,  and  give-me-the  benefit  of-your  most  favorable 
terms.  \  ery-respectf  ully, 

J.  J.  SAUNDERS. 


(72)  Cleveland,  O.,  Nov.  9th,  05. 

Mr.  J.  J.  Saunders, 
Marion,  O. 

Dear-Sir:  We-have  to-day  forwarded  by  fast  freight,  the 
goods  ordered  per  your-letter  of  4th  inst;  the  inquiries  about-you, 
as  suggested  by-you,  have  proved  most  satisfactory. 

The  commission  is  8  per  cent.  The  Bi..  of  Lading  accom- 
panies each  package. 

Trusting-the  opening  will  lead  to  a  long  connection  of  mutual 
benefits,  we  are,  Yours-very-truly, 

ROE    &    JONES. 


(Used  by  permission.) 
(11|)  Putnam,  Texas,  Nov.  3d,  1905. 

Ho  *  Morris  Shepparu,  M.  C,  1st  Congressional  Dist,  Texas. 
'Washington,  D.  C. 

My-Dear-Sir:  Allow  me  to  express  to-you  my  grateful  thanks 
for-the  books,  charts  and  maps  sent  to-me  from-the  Interior 
Department,  at  your  request,  which-I-shall  ever  treasure  and 
read   with   much   interest. 

I  notice  also  with  pleasure,  your  great  zeal  and  interest 
In-the  improvement  of  Red  River,  which  will  redound  to-the 
commercial  benefit  of  Texas  as  well  as  ner  sister  States: 

Wishing  you  a  most  useful  career  in  Congress  and  hoping  to- 
hear  from-you  again  soon,  I-have-the  honor,  sir,  to-be. 
Your  friend  and   former  teacher, 

3.   C.   CHRISMAN. 


PRACTICAL   SHORTHAND.  43 


LESSON    XXX-Continoed 


(180)  '  New  York.  N.  /.,  Nov.  10th,  1905. 

uxT.  John  C.  Lister, 
Olden,  Me. 

Dear-Sir:  We-took-the  liberty  a  short  time  since  of  extending 
to-you  a  cordial  invitaition  to-favor-us  with-the  New  York  ac- 
count of-the  new  bank,  in-the  organization  of-which  we  under- 
stand you-are  interested. 

As  we-have-not  received  a  reply  we  venture  to  express  again- 
the  pelasure  .  it-would  give-us  to  receive  your  business,  and 
while  we-do-not  wish  to  appear  unduly  solicitous,  we,  sincerely, 
trust  you-are  giving  us  your  favorable  consideration. 

The  great  number  of  banking  institutions  now  with-us,  and- 
the  steady  increase  in-this  most  important  feature  of-  our  busi- 
ness, attests  satisfactory  personal  and  business  relations  with- 
this  bank. 

We-should  esteem  it  a  great  privilege  to  receive  your  ac- 
knowledgement of-this-letter,  with  suggestions  as  to  how  we- 
raay  serve  you. 

With  an  earnest  hope  that-you-may-be  interested  to-the  extent 
of   placing   your-account   with-us,   and-with   assurance   that-your 
interest  would  receive  our  most  careful  attention,  we-remain. 
Yours- very-respectfully, 

BANK   OF  COMMERCE. 


TTNIVERSITY  of  CALIFORNIA 
AT 

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